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For determining suspended matter and total dissolved solids, the following procedure shall be adopted. Where the suspended matter is high, the same shall bedetermined by the method given in and total dissolved solids shall be found by subtracting the suspended matter (as mg/l) from total solids (as mg/l).

When the suspended matter is low, the sample shall be filtered through a filter paper and the total dissolved solids determined in the filtrate by a procedure of evaporation given in Suspended matter shall then be obtained by subtracting total dissolved solids (as mg/l) from total solids (as mg/l).

The sample is titrated against standard acid using methyl orange indicator

The sample is titrated against standard acid using phenolphthalein indicator

Total hardness of water is the sum of the concentrations of all the metallic cations other than cations of the alkali metals, expressed as equivalent calcium carbonate concentration.

In most waters, nearly all of the hardness is due to calcium and magnesium ions, but in some waters, measurable concentrations of iron, aluminium, manganese, zinc and other metals have to be taken into consideration.